Ngo-2022, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto eShayina kuzofinyelela ku-3.32 million, kudlule iJalimane ibe ngumthengisi wezimoto wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-General Administration of Customs ehlanganiswe yi-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka, iShayina ithumele izimoto ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-1.07, okuwukwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-58.1%, kudlule ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto eJapane phakathi nenkathi efanayo, futhi kube ngumthengisi wezimoto omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni.
Ngonyaka odlule, ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zikagesi eShayina kufinyelele amayunithi angu-679,000, okuwukwenyuka okuphindwe ka-1.2 unyaka nonyaka, kanye nokuhweba kwamanye amazwe kwe-ukushaja izinqwabaiqhubekile nokukhula. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi inqwaba yokushaja izimoto zamandla entsha yamanje ingumkhiqizo wokuhweba kwamanye amazwe onesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuguqulwa epulatifomu ye-e-commerce yezwe lami. Ngo-2022, isidingo samanqwaba okushaja kwamanye amazwe sizokhula ngo-245%; ngoMashi kulo nyaka kuphela, isidingo sokuthengwa kwamanqwaba okushaja kwamanye amazwe sikhuphuke ngo-218%.
“Kusukela ngoJulayi 2022, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwama-charging piles kuye kwanda kancane kancane. Lokhu kuhlobene nesizinda sokwethulwa kwezinqubomgomo eziningi ezivela eYurophu nase-United States ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nentuthuko yemboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla yaseShayina.” USu Xin, usihlalo kanye ne-CEO ye-Energy Times, uthe engxoxweni nezintatheli.
UTong Zongqi, unobhala-jikelele we-Charging and Swap Branch ye-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers kanye nephini likanobhala-jikelele we-China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, utshele izintatheli ukuthi okwamanje kunezindlela ezimbili izinkampani ezikhokhisa inqwaba “zokuhamba emhlabeni wonke”. Enye ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi abathengisi bangaphandle noma izinsiza ezihlobene ukuze zithumele kwamanye amazwe zodwa;
Emhlabeni jikelele, ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda yokushaja sekuyindawo yokuqala yamazwe amaningi nezifunda ukukhuthaza ngamandla ukusetshenziswa kwamasu amasha ezimoto zamandla. Izinqubomgomo zengqalasizinda yokushaja ezikhishwe yiYurophu ne-United States zicacile futhi zinhle, ngenhloso "yokubuyela endaweni yokuqala" emncintiswaneni wemboni yezimoto zamandla ezintsha. Ngokombono kaSu Xin, eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ezayo, ingxenye enkulu yengqalasizinda yokushaja izimoto zamandla ezintsha emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi iqedwe. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, imakethe izokhula ngokushesha, bese izinza futhi ibe sezingeni elifanele lentuthuko.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi epulatifomu ye-Amazon, kunezinkampani eziningi zaseShayina ezijabulele ibhonasi eku-inthanethi "yokuya emhlabeni wonke", kanti iChengdu Coens Technology Co., Ltd. (ebizwa ngokuthi "iCoens") ingenye yazo. Selokhu yaqala ibhizinisi epulatifomu ye-Amazon ngo-2017, iCohens yamukele uhlobo lwayo "lokuya phesheya kwezilwandle", yaba yinkampani yokuqala yokushaja inqwaba eShayina kanye nezine eziphezulu emhlabeni ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ezintathu zikagesi zaseYurophu. Emehlweni abantu abangaphakathi embonini, lesi sibonelo sanele ukukhombisa ukuthi izinkampani zaseShayina zingathembela emandleni azo ukwakha izinhlobo zomhlaba wonke ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle ngeziteshi eziku-inthanethi.
Izinga "lokuguquka" emakethe yezinqwaba zokushaja zasekhaya lisobala kubo bonke embonini. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlola izimakethe zaphesheya akusona nje isidingo esibalulekile semakethe yomhlaba wonke "yolwandle oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" lweNuggets, kodwa futhi kuyindlela yokudala omunye "umgwaqo ogcwele igazi" ovela emncintiswaneni wemakethe yasekhaya. USun Yuqi, umqondisi weShenzhen ABB Company, ubelokhu esebenza emkhakheni wezinqwaba zokushaja iminyaka engu-8. Ubone izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkampani "zingaphandle kwendilinga" emncintiswaneni emakethe yasekhaya, kuze kube yilapho zandisa "inkundla yazo yempi" phesheya kwezilwandle.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zamabhizinisi asekhaya asebenzisa inqwaba yokushaja “ukuphuma”?
Ngokombono kaZhang Sainan, umqondisi we-akhawunti ebalulekile yokuvulwa kwesitolo se-Amazon emhlabeni wonke, inzuzo yokuncintisana yemboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla yaseShayina emakethe yomhlaba wonke ivela kakhulu “ekwabelaneni” kwabantu namathalente. “I-supply chain ephezulu kanye namaqoqo ezimboni angasekela izinkampani zaseShayina ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ehamba phambili ngendlela ephumelelayo. Emkhakheni we-charge piles, sihamba phambili kakhulu embonini ngokwezobuchwepheshe. Ngezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe, ezihambisana nezisekelo zesicelo ezihamba phambili kanye nethimba elikhulu lonjiniyela, singaqedela ukufika kwemikhiqizo ebonakalayo futhi sinikeze izinsizakalo kubo.” Uthe.
Ngaphezu kobuchwepheshe kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, izinzuzo zezindleko nazo zikufanele ukukhulunywa ngazo. “Ngezinye izikhathi, ozakwethu baseYurophu baxoxa nathi futhi babuze ngentengo yenqwaba yokushaja ejwayelekile ye-DC kazwelonke. Siphendula ngokuhlekisa kancane, inqobo nje uma uphawu lwe-euro luthathelwa indawo yi-RMB, impendulo iwukuthi. Wonke umuntu angabona ukuthi umehluko wentengo mkhulu kangakanani.” USun Yuqi utshele izintatheli ukuthi intengo yemakethe yeIzinqwaba zokushaja ze-ACe-United States ingamadola aseMelika angu-700-2,000, kanti eShayina ingama-yuan angu-2,000-3,000. “Imakethe yasekhaya ‘inomthamo’ omkhulu futhi kunzima ukwenza imali. Wonke umuntu angaya kuphela ezimakethe zakwamanye amazwe ukuze athole inzuzo ephezulu.” Umthombo wemboni ongafuni ukudalulwa utshele izintatheli ukuthi ukugwema ukuncintisana kwangaphakathi okukhulu nokuya phesheya kuyindlela yokuphuma ekuthuthukiseni izinkampani zokushaja zasekhaya.
Kodwa-ke, izinselele azinakuthathwa kalula. Ngenxa yezinselele izinkampani ezikhokhisa inqwaba ezizobhekana nazo lapho “ziya olwandle”, uTong Zongqi ukholelwa ukuthi into yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu izingozi zezwe, futhi izinkampani kumele zigxile kule ndaba.
Ngokombono wesikhathi eside, kuyisinqumo esinzima kodwa esifaneleinqwaba yokushajaizinkampani zingene emakethe yomhlaba wonke. Kodwa-ke, kulesi sigaba, izinkampani eziningi kufanele zibhekane nezidingo zezinqubomgomo nemithetho eYurophu, eMelika nakwamanye amazwe nezifunda. Isibonelo, ngoFebhuwari kulo nyaka, uhulumeni wase-US uphakamise ukuthi wonke ama-pille okushaja axhaswe yi-"Infrastructure Act" yezwe kumele akhiqizwe endaweni, futhi ukuhlanganiswa kokugcina kwanoma yiliphi igobolondo leshaja yensimbi noma yensimbi noma indlu, kanye nazo zonke izinqubo zokukhiqiza, kumele kwenziwe nase-United States, futhi le mfuneko iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha. Kubikwa ukuthi kusukela ngoJulayi 2024, okungenani u-55% wezindleko zezingxenye ze-pille zokushaja kuzodingeka zivela e-United States.
Singasibamba kanjani “isikhathi esibalulekile” sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ezayo? USu Xin unikeze isiphakamiso, okungukuthi, ukuba nombono womhlaba wonke kusukela esigabeni sokuqala. Ugcizelele ukuthi: “Izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle zinganikeza inzuzo ephelele esezingeni eliphezulu. Izinkampani zokushaja inqwaba zaseShayina zinamakhono okukhiqiza kanye nekhono lokufinyelela emakethe yomhlaba wonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhathi sini, kumelwe sivule iphethini futhi sibheke umhlaba.”
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-24-2023